Uyilo lwesekethe oluDibeneyo: ukusuka kumxholo wokuphunyezwa
Inkqubo yokwenziwa kweesekethe (i-ICs) luhambo oluntsonkothileyo nobuthathaka oluqala ngokuqonda ngoyilo lwengqondo kwaye liphela ngokuveliswa kwemveliso yokugqibela.Kubaqulunqi be-IC, ukuqonda okunzulu ngayo yonke inkalo yokuyila kwaye kungekuphela nje isiseko sokufezekisa iimfuno zesekethe ezilindelekileyo zokusebenza, kodwa neqhosha lokukhetha imigangatho yesekethe elindelekileyo, kodwa indlekoUhlahlo-lwabiwo mali..Ngeli xesha le nkqubo, kukho amanyathelo amaninzi abaqulunqileyo ekufuneka abakhumbule.
Ukuphuhliswa kwee-waffity eziphezulu eziphezulu
Ilitye leliko lesekethe elihlanganisiweyo sisiseko se-wafer, iqonga elinezinto zesekethe ezihlanganisiweyo.Umgangatho we-wafer off ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukungqinelana kwentsebenzo yemveliso yokugqibela, ngoko kubalulekile ukukhetha izixhobo eziphezulu ze-semicondcuctor.Indlela ye-Czobhralskyi yindlela yeklasi yeklasi esetyenzisiweyo ukuvelisa i-silicon ye-silicon ye-swicton.Inkqubo iqulathe ukufudumeza kunye nokunyibilikisa i-sency ye-elektroniki kwiqondo eliphezulu lama-1,500 degrees Celsius, kwaye emva koko ipholise ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezininzi zokutsala ii-silicon ezinkulu ze-slicon ezinokunqunyulwa.Nangona eli nyathelo lichitha ixesha, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa umgangatho ofeus, kuba ii-wafs ezisisiseko kuphela zinokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye nokusebenza kweesekethe ezihlanganisiweyo.
Ulwakhiwo lweLifa: I-feed yenkqubo entle
Iisekethe ezihlanganisiweyo zakhiwe ngokubeka izinto ezininzi, ezifana neeapacitors, ii-Dedos, kunye nokuTenga, uMakimba ngobukumkani kwi-semiconductor.La macandelo anokwakhiwa ngokulula usebenzisa iipropathi zohlobo lwe-N-Chwether kunye nohlobo lwe-P-chwether.Isekethe elihlanganisiweyo elihlanganisiweyo linokuqulatha izingqibe ezingama-30 okanye ngaphezulu, kwaye ukwakhiwa kwengqibelo nganye kufuna ulawulo olufikelelekayo.Ukufezekisa le njongo, ukucaciswa kweendawo zohlobo lwe-p kunye nohlobo lwe-N
Ukuqhubekeka ngokuchanekileyo kwengqikelelo nganye kufezekiswa ngeendlela ze-etch, inkqubo ebandakanya ukudala iimilo zejometri kunye nemigca kwiindawo ezithile.Ukongeza, uhlengahlengiso olukhuselekileyo lunokwenziwa ngokubekiweyo, i-etching, okanye i-doping.Ukufakwa kwemali yinkqubo yokwenza ifilimu enamatye empahla kwi-wafer, emzimbeni okanye ngempendulo yemichiza.Ukuphuma yinkqubo esetyenziselwa ukususa umbandela ogqithisileyo, idla ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-ion ye-ion (iRie).Ukucofa kutshintsha ukuqhubela komxholo ngokufaka ii-atom ezongeziweyo kumgangatho we-waffe ukuya kwi-N-Chwether nohlobo lwe-P.